Pemanfaatan ekstrak kulit manggis (Garcinia Mangostana L.) dengan penambahan nanoemulsi kitosan sebagai pewarna alami pada kain batik katun
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31941/cjbi.v3i1.766Keywords:
Batik, Biomordan, Ketahanan Luntur Warna, Nanoemulsi Kitosan, Pewarna Kulit ManggisAbstract
Pencemaran limbah industri batik akibat penggunaan pewarna sintetis yang bersifat toksik dan sulit terurai menjadi tantangan lingkungan serius di Indonesia. Pewarna alami berbasis bahan hayati merupakan alternatif ramah lingkungan, namun memiliki keterbatasan pada ketahanan luntur warna sehingga memerlukan mordan yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan formulasi biomordan nanoemulsi kitosan terbaik serta menganalisis pengaruh ukuran partikel nanoemulsi terhadap ketahanan luntur warna pada kain katun. Metode penelitian bersifat eksperimental dengan variasi lama sonikasi untuk menghasilkan ukuran nanoemulsi kitosan berbeda, yaitu F1 (30 menit; 42,24 nm), F2 (60 menit; 26,48 nm), dan F3 (90 menit; 11,55 nm), serta kontrol tanpa nanoemulsi. Proses pewarnaan dilakukan dengan metode pre-mordanting dan post-mordanting, kemudian diuji ketahanan luntur warnanya berdasarkan standar ISO 105-C06:2003. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa formulasi F3 memberikan ketahanan luntur warna terbaik dengan nilai ΔE 1,19 dan grayscale 4–5, jauh lebih baik dibandingkan F2, F1, dan kontrol. Analisis regresi linear menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan ukuran nanoemulsi terhadap ketahanan luntur warna dengan nilai R² sebesar 96%. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa semakin kecil ukuran nanoemulsi kitosan, semakin tinggi ketahanan luntur warna, sehingga berpotensi mendukung pengembangan pewarna alami berkelanjutan pada industri batik.
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